Romans 3

📖 Background

Romans Chapter 3 brings Paul's argument about human sinfulness to a climax. After showing that both Gentiles (chapter 1) and Jews (chapter 2) are under God’s judgment, Paul declares in this chapter that no one is righteous—not even one. He dismantles any remaining reliance on the Law or religious heritage as a basis for justification before God. Yet, the chapter also offers a turning point: the revelation of God's righteousness through faith in Jesus Christ. This righteousness is not earned, but received by grace through faith, apart from works of the Law.

🧭 Major Themes

The unfaithfulness of some does not nullify God’s faithfulness (verses 1–8)

All people—Jew and Gentile—are under sin (verses 9–20)

Righteousness apart from the Law is revealed (verses 21–26)

Justification comes by faith, not works (verses 27–31)

God is God of both Jews and Gentiles

🔎 Reference Scriptures to Consider

Psalm 14:1–3 – “There is none righteous, no not one” (quoted in verses 10–12)

Isaiah 64:6 – "All our righteous acts are like filthy rags"

Habakkuk 2:4 – "The righteous shall live by faith"

Ephesians 2:8–9 – "By grace you have been saved through faith…"

Galatians 2:16 – Justified by faith in Christ, not by works of the Law

❓Reflection Questions

What stands out to you about the universality of sin in verses 9–20?

How does this chapter clarify the difference between faith and works?

Why is it significant that God is both just and the justifier (verse 26)?

In what ways can you fall into the trap of trying to earn God’s favor instead of resting in His grace?