Romans 4
đź“– Background
In Chapter 4, Paul turns to the example of Abraham to illustrate that justification has always been by faith—not by works or adherence to the Law. He argues that Abraham was counted righteous before he was circumcised and before the Law was given, proving that faith—not religious rituals or ancestry—makes one right with God. Paul also mentions David, showing that even Israel’s great king understood that righteousness was credited apart from works. This chapter is essential in building the case that salvation by faith is not a new idea but rooted in God’s eternal plan.
🧠Major Themes
Abraham was justified by faith, not works (verses 1–8)
Righteousness was credited before circumcision (verses 9–12)
God's promise comes through faith, not the Law (verses 13–17)
Abraham's unwavering faith in God's promise (verses 18–22)
Our faith in Jesus is counted as righteousness like Abraham's (verses 23–25)
🔎 Reference Scriptures to Consider
Genesis 15:6 – “Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness”
Psalm 32:1–2 – Quoted by Paul to show the blessedness of forgiveness (verses 6–8)
Galatians 3:6–9 – Those of faith are children of Abraham
Hebrews 11:8–12 – Abraham’s faith described as enduring and obedient
Ephesians 2:11–13 – Gentiles brought near by faith, not rituals
âť“Reflection Questions
How does Abraham’s story help you better understand what it means to be saved by faith?
In what ways are you tempted to rely on your own “works” rather than trust in God's promises?
What does it mean for you that God gives righteousness as a gift, not a reward?
How can Abraham’s hope “against hope” (verse 18) inspire you to trust God in hard circumstances?